虹鳟胚胎受精率适宜发育期的研究

Research on the Time Point of Fertilizing Rate Detection in Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

用鉴别液J1、J2与Bouin’s液固定剥膜比较方法,测定了虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)不同发育期胚胎的受精率。结果表明:用鉴别液J1处理后测得的二细胞期、四细胞期、八细胞期、桑葚期、高囊胚期、原肠中期胚胎的受精率分别为53.21%、77.89%、82.00%、88.2%、87.71%和81.43%;用鉴别液J2处理测得的受精率分别为51.64%、77.86%、81.43%、89.07%、87.50%和81.86%。二者与Bouin’s液固定剥膜后测定的受精率差异不显著(P>0.05),说明这两种鉴别液均可用于生产中测定受精率。在不同的发育时期,鉴别的准确性有所不同,细胞分裂期的准确性远低于桑葚期至囊胚期,这可能是由于胚胎发育不同步和早期胚胎细胞较少所致,因此,鉴别虹鳟鱼卵的受精率最好在桑葚期和囊胚期之间(12～24℃.d)的时间点。

Fertilizing rates were determined at various developmental stages of rainbow trout embryos by fluid J1, and fluid J2 and fixed by Bouin＇s fluid and then stripped membrane. The fertilizing rates of the embryos treated by differential fluid J1 were found to be 53.21% at two cell stage, 77.89% at four cell stage, 82% at eight cell stage, 88.2% at morula stage, 87.71% at early blastula stage, and 81.43% at mid-gastrula stage. The embryos treated by differential fluid J2 had fertilizing rates of 51.64% at two cell, 77.86% at four cell stage, 81.43% at eight cell stage, 89.07% at morula stage, 87.50%, at early blastula stage, and 81,86% at mid-gastrula stage. The results suggested that the two kinds of differential fluid be all used detection of fertilizing rate in production practice without sig- nificant differences from the Bouin＇s fluid treatment （P 〉0.05 ）. There was different distinguishing accuracy at various developmental stages, far lower at cell division stage than from morula stage to blastula stage, which is attributed to the asynchrony of embryonic de- velopment and small amount of embryonic cells in prophase. The optimal developmental stage for detection of fertilizing rate of rain- bow trout was observed from morula to blastula （ 12-24℃·d）.