义务的道德与愿望的道德的内在逻辑探析

On the Internal Logic Between the Obligation Morality and Morality of Aspiration

法律与道德的关系一直成为不少的哲学家和法学家广泛探讨的问题,近现代的实证法学家们提出法律与道德的不相关性,而代表自然法学派的法哲学家富勒则提出法律与道德的相关性观点,将社会的道德分为义务的道德与愿望的道德,认为义务的道德是维持社会得以正常进行而遵守的道德义务,是一种底端的要求。而愿望的道德是促使个人得以很好的发展及社会更加进步而崇尚的道德规范,属于一种高端的要求。二者有着内在的逻辑性,表现在义务的道德是愿望的道德的逻辑基础,愿望的道德以义务的道德为奠基并成为其必要性,二者共同成为了法律的内在逻辑要求,并赋予法律以内在的道德性。

The relation between law and morality is the key point which philosopher and jurist always discussed. Some jurists put forward the irrelevance between them while some philosophers gave out its relevance and divided into obligation morality and morality of aspiration. Obligation morality is to maintain the order of the society and morality of aspiration is to promote the better development of human beings, there are some relations between them.