基于公理设计和设计关联矩阵的产品平台设计新方法

New Approach to Product Platform Design Based on Axiomatic Design and Design Relationship Matrix

产品平台是产品族设计的核心内容,合理地构建产品平台是提高产品设计可适应能力的关键。以公理设计为指导框架,以功能需求分析为出发点,提出一种产品平台设计新方法。该方法借鉴Kano模型,从用户需求的角度,将产品功能要求分为基本功能要求、期望功能要求和附加功能要求;基于公理设计原理,将产品功能要求映射为产品设计参数,建立设计矩阵;通过分析设计参数与各类功能要求之间的影响,构建产品设计关联矩阵,利用可拓聚类算法对设计关联矩阵进行聚类运算,将实现产品族基本功能要求的模块定义为公用模块;在此基础上,通过分析设计参数的灵敏度来选择公共平台参数,利用聚类分析以规划它们在产品平台中的共享策略。通过电力液压块式制动器产品族的平台设计实例,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。

Product platform is the core of product family,and establishing reasonably the product platform is crucial to increase product design adaptability.Axiomatic design is utilized as framework,and a design method for product platform is put forward based on functional requirements analysis.Considering the link between customer needs and product quality characteristics,product functional requirements are classified into basic functional requirements,expectable functional requirements and adjunctive functional requirements based on Kano model,and their concepts are defined.The functional requirements are zigzagging mapping to design parameters,and the design matrix is created.The design relationship matrix of the product is built by analyzing the fluency relationship between functional requirement and design parameter,and the extension clustering algorithm is utilized to cluster the elements in design relationship matrix.The module realizing basic functional requirements of product family is defined as common module.Based on above foundations,the platform parameters are selected by analyzing the sensitivity of the design parameters,and the clustering algorithm is applied to determine the sharing strategy of platform parameters.This method of product platform design is validated by a case study of electro-hydraulic dram brake design.