河南南阳市八一路汉代画像石墓

The Excavation of the Pictorial Stone Relief Tomb on Bayi Road,Nanyang,Henan

2008年,对河南南阳市八一路一座画像石墓进行发掘。该墓为砖石混合砌筑,由墓道、墓门、前室和后室组成。前室两侧各有一耳室,后室为三室并列。画像石可辨画面的有33幅,图案有建鼓舞、应龙、白虎及执盾、拥彗人物等。墓内出土陶器、铜器和钱币等。该墓为王莽时期夫妇合葬墓,墓主应为地方官吏。

In 2008, Nanyang Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology excavated a large-sized pictorial stone relief tomb of the Eastern Han Dynasty on Bayi Road. This tomb was a brick and stone chamber tomb consisting of the passageway, the entrance, the antechamber and the rear chambers. The passageway was a ramp in rectangular plan; the entrance had two abreast doorways composed of the lintel, the jambs, the door [eaves and the door frames. The antechamber was in rect- angular plan with a side chamber on the east and west side respectively. Behind the antechamber were three parallel rear chambers arranged side by side, all of which had vaulted ceilings. In the entire tomb, 33 identifiable pictorial stone relief scenes were found, the motifs of which were jiangu （drum mounted on a pole） dance, fighting beasts, Yinglong （winged dragon, the rain deity）, the White Tiger, and the human figures holding qiji （honor halberd）, shield, broom, hu-tablet, etc., and rhombus pattern. The recovered grave goods were potteries, bronze and iron wares, bronze coins, etc. The tomb structure, themes and carving techniques of the pictorial reliefs and the grave goods all hinted that the date of this tomb was Wang Mang＇ s Xin Dynasty and it was a joint tomb of a couple, whose rank was a xianling （county magistrate） or other lower-ranking local officials whose annual salary was no more than 1000 dan （bushel） of grains.