注意缺陷多动障碍儿童青少年情绪加工特征研究

Research on features of emotional process in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

【目的】探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童青少年的情绪感受特征。【方法】采用中国儿童情感图片评价系统(7～14岁,上海版),对符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第4版)》(DSM-Ⅳ)诊断标准的7～14岁ADHD儿童青少年134例,按照性别、年龄匹配134例正常对照儿童,进行病例对照研究。【结果】与正常儿童相比,ADHD儿童的情绪反应整体呈现低优势。对不同性质情感图片,ADHD儿童对正性图片的愉悦度和优势度评分偏低,对中性图片的优势度偏低,对负性图片的唤醒度偏低。对于不同类型负性情感图片,ADHD患儿对恐惧和厌恶图片的唤醒度偏低,对愤怒刺激的优势度偏低。在正性情感图片中,ADHD儿童对愉快图片的优势程度偏低,对喜悦图片的愉悦度和优势度偏低。【结论】ADHD儿童的愉快感偏低、对负性刺激低唤醒,自我感弱小最突出。

[Objective] To explore the features of emotional experience of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）children and adolescents. [Method] 134 ADHD children who met the DSM-Ⅳ diagnostic criteria and 134 norreal controls were evaluated with The Chinese Affective Picture System for Children 7-14 year old. The case-control study was completed between the two groups. [Results] Comparing with the normal controls,the ADHD children had lower scores on the dominance generally. For the different mood quality of affeetive pictures, the ADHD children had lower valence and dominance of positive pictures, lower dominance of neutral pictures,and lower arousal of negative pictures. For different type of negative pictures, the ADHD children had lower scores on the arousal of fearful pictures, and lower dominance of anger pictures, and lower valence of disgust pictures. In the positive pictures, the ADHD children had lower scores on the domi- nance of happy pictures,and lower valence and dominance of joyful pictures. [Conclusions] The emotional experience of ADHD child had lower happy feeling,lower arousal of negative stimuli. Furthermore,they felt themselves small and weak.