温州民间借贷风险成因分析

An Analysis on Causes of Private Lending Risk in Wenzhou

温州民间借贷在我国改革开放后相对活跃,对温州经济社会发展具有重要作用。受国际经济形势的影响,2011年是温州民间借贷风险凸显的一年。部分中小企业出现生产经营运行困难加大、资金链断裂、企业主出走、借贷规模超过千亿、民间借贷纠纷案猛增和部分中小企业倒闭等现象,在社会上造成一定的负面影响。究其原因,主要是金融体制改革滞后,民间借贷利率与政策利率脱节、国家金融监管缺位、银行中介功能弱化;部分银行信贷资金进入民间借贷市场;民营企业追逐高额利润,实体经济"空心化"。因此,民间借贷的治本之术,就是要将民间地下融资合法化,开拓证券、股权投资、国外投资等资本市场,目前最重要的是发展实体经济。

Wenzhou private lending is relatively active after reform and opening up in China, and has made great contributions to the Wenzhou social and economic development. Influenced by international economy, private lending risk became obvious in 2011. Some small and medium-sized enterprises saw difficulties in operating, broken fund chain, escape of the owners, with billions of billions lending scale and increasing lending disputes, together with the deficient financial system bankruptcy, thus causing negative effect in society. The major reasons lie in reform, private lending interest rate adrift from the policy interest rate, inefficient state financial regulation, weakening mediation function of the bank, part of the bank loans entering the private lending market, high pursuit of profit among private enterprises and the empty entity economy. Therefore, the basic measure to deal with private lending is to legalize the private lending, promoting the capital market such as securities, equity investment, foreign investment. At present, it is most important to develop entity economy.