听毛在不同蜘蛛类群中的形态、数量和分布

MORPHOLOGY,QUANTITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF TRICHOBOTHRIUM IN SPIDERS

听毛在不同蜘蛛类群中具有相对稳定的形态和数量分布等特征,是蜘蛛形态分类学的重要指标之一。本研究对弱蛛科、泰莱蛛科、幽灵蛛科、蟹蛛科和球蛛科共5个科32种蜘蛛体表的听毛进行了扫描电镜观察,分析听毛在不同蜘蛛类群中的形态、分布和数量等特征,结果显示:听毛在不同蜘蛛种类中其形态非常相似,丝状,细长,与体表几乎垂直着生;泰莱蛛、蟹蛛和球蛛的听毛在步足的跗节、后跗节和胫节均有分布,而幽灵蛛和弱蛛的听毛仅分布在步足的后跗节和胫节,蟹蛛的听毛数量最多,具集群分布的特点,且各节分页的数量变化大于其他蜘蛛种类。蜘蛛听毛的形态、数量和分布等特征可能与遗传、生境和生活方式等有关。

They play an important role in spiders＇ prey capture and escape behavior and also in classical taxonomy based on morphology in spiders. Here we studied morphology, quantity and distribution of trichobothria in 32 spider species from Pholcidae, Leptonetidae, Telemidae, Thomisidae, Theridiidae by scanning electronic micrograph （SEM）. The results showed that trichobothria are typically filiform and emerge from the cuticle at a great angle. Trichobothria locate on metatarsi and tibia of their legs in Pholcidae and Leptonetidae while present on not only metatarsi and tibia but also tarsi in spiders from Telemidae, Thomisidae and Theridiidae. Spiders in Thomisidae have larger amount of trichobothria than other spider species and vary a lot in quantity. Morphology, quantity and distribution of trichobothria may correlate with heredity, habitats and oredatorv styles of soiders.