N_2O_5硝化环氧丁烷制备1,2-丁二醇二硝酸酯

The Synthesis of 1,2-Butanediol Glycol Dinitrate by nitration of 1,2-Butylene Oxide with Dinitrogen Pentoxide

以N2O5为硝化剂,1,2-环氧丁烷(BO)为原料,制备了1,2-丁二醇二硝酸酯(BGDN)。通过考察原料配比、加料速度、反应温度、溶剂等因素对反应收率和选择性的影响,归纳出最优反应条件:N2O5与BO物质的量比1.1:1.0,BO的滴定速度0.50 g/min,反应温度20℃,CH2Cl2作溶剂;在此条件下,1,2-丁二醇二硝酸酯的选择性和收率分别为97.3%和96.0%。

A new method for preparation of BGDN from nitrating 1,2 -butylene oxide （BO） with dinitrogen pentoxide（N2O5） as the nitrating agent was presented. Effects of molar ratio of N2O5 to BO, the drip speed of BO, reaction temperature and solvents on the selectivity and yield of BGDN were studied. The result show that the optimum reaction conditions are： the molar ratio of N2O5 to BO above 1.1 ： 1.0, the drip speed of BO 0.50 g/min, the reaction temperature 20℃ and dichloromethane as solvent. Under the above optimum conditions, the selectivity of BGDN is 97.3%, and the yield is about 96.0%.