微生物方法降解刺参养殖池塘中氨态氮的研究进展

Advances in Microbial Method to Degrade Ammonia Nitrogen in Spinose Sea Cucumber(Stichopus japonicus) Culturing Ponds

随着刺参养殖业的迅速发展,刺参池塘养殖暴露出诸多问题,如水体氨态氮含量高、病害严重、单位产量下降等。传统药物弊端较多,微生物方法成为降解水体中氨态氮含量和预防病害发生的新的有效途径。综合阐述了刺参池塘养殖过程中氨态氮对刺参的危害和微生物降解氨态氮的利弊,并介绍了水体中氨态氮高效降解菌株的筛选以及现有微生态制剂存在的问题,对微生物方法降解刺参养殖池塘氨态氮的前景进行了展望。

As the luxuriation of spinose sea cucumber （ Stichopus japonicus） farming, lots of problem have revealed in sea cucumber farm ponds, such as high content of ammonia-nitrogen （AN） in the waters, serious diseases, decline of unit production and so on. Since traditional medicines has many problems, microbial method has become a new effec- tive way to degrade AN in the waters and to prevent the occurrence of the diseases. The harm of AN to the spinose sea cucumber, the pros and cons of AN degradation by means of microbe were synthetically expounded in this paper, and introduced the screening of high-effective strains to degrade AN in the waters and the problems existed in the mieroeeo- logical preparations currently used. Finally, an outlook of the microbial method to degrade AN in sea cucumber culti- vation ponds is prospected.