乌鲁木齐城市复合生态系统能值分析

Emergy-based analysis of urban compound ecosystem in Urmuqi

能值分析为复合生态系统研究提供了定量方法,并在城市可持续发展评价中有重要意义。运用能值理论及其分析方法,以乌鲁木齐为研究区建立城市复合生态系统能值评价指标体系,重点选取能值自给率、输入能值、人均能值、能值密度、能值/货币比、电力能值比、环境承载力、能值可持续指数等能值综合分析指标,定量研究1990～2009年研究区复合生态系统能值的动态变化规律。研究结果表明:近20年间,乌鲁木齐市能值自给能力较强,城市发展对外界资源的需求越来越小,居民生活水平和经济发展不断提高;但是经济发展强度和工业化水平不高,随着城市不可更新资源的开采,城市规模逐渐扩大,人口量增加,城市可持续能值量的减少,本地环境负荷增大,承载力持续下降。在此基础上对该城市可持续发展提出了几点建议。

Emergy theory brings about a quantitative method for compound ecosystem and it has being of great significance in evaluating sustainability about city.Applying the emergy analytical method,the variation of emergy structures from 1990 to 2009 of Urmuqi,as a urban compound eco-system was analyzed.Local emergy analysis was based on important emergy indicators such as purchased emergy used,self-supporting rate of emergy,emergy use per capita and so on.The results turned out that during almost 20 years,owning to local high self-supporting rate of emergy,external resources took smaller parts in urban development.Resident＇s life and economic growth continuously improved.With the local nonrenewable resources exploitation,population expansion,this will result in the decrease of resources,so the environmental capacity would be becoming lower.The sustainability of Urmuqi progress was discussed.Finally some reasonable proposals for Urmuqi were offered in this paper.