马铃薯不同杂交组合及后代淀粉品质性状的评价

Evaluation for Starch Quality Character of Different Potato Crosses

以马铃薯品种大西洋和资源材料1533为母本配制的10个杂交组合无性二代为试验材料,对其淀粉粘度、糊化温度和峰值粘度温度性状进行评价。结果表明:以大西洋为母本配制的各杂交组合后代无性系个数在粘度高值端、糊化温度低值端及峰值粘度低值端所占比例较大。以1533为母本配制的各杂交组合后代无性系个数在粘度高值端占比例也较大、但在糊化温度低值端和峰值粘度低值端占比例很小。综合性状表现最好的是大西洋×东农308,该组合后代平均粘度为1 480 BU、平均糊化温度为67.7℃、平均峰值粘度温度为78.5℃,其次表现较好的组合是1533×D2和大西洋×D2。这3个组合是选育马铃薯淀粉加工专用型品种的优良群体材料。

The performance of starch viscosity, gelatinization temperature and peak viscosity temperature were evaluated for clones of 10 crosses using Atlantic and 1533 as female parents in the second clonal generation. Overall, the crosses using Atlantic as female parent had larger proportion of clones with high viscosity value, low gelatinization temperature value and low peak viscosity temperature value. The crosses using 1533 as female parent also had larger proportion of clones with high viscosity value, but lower proportion of clones with low gelatinization temperature value and low peak viscosity temperature value. The cross of Atlantic x Dongnong 308 performed well, with high mean viscosity being 1480 BU, low mean gelatinization temperature 67.7℃ and low mean peak viscosity temperature 78.5℃, followed by 1533 × D2 and Atlantic × D2. Therefore, selection could be made from these crosses for high starch quality potato breeding.