水稻特异种质籽粒性状的遗传分析

Genetic analysis of grain traits of rice by specific germplasm

采用籽粒性状差异较大的1份大粒水稻(31C122)和1份小粒水稻(小粒稻)为亲本进行正反交,调查亲本、F1、F2群体的籽粒性状(粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、千粒重),并对其进行遗传分析。结果表明,F1的籽粒性状测定值介于其双亲之间并接近或小于其双亲平均值;F2群体各性状表现连续变异,表现出数量性状遗传特征,其中粒长、粒宽、千粒重性状分别由1对主效基因控制并有其它微效基因的影响;粒厚和长宽比性状无主效基因,遗传机制较为复杂。

Cross and reciprocal cross between big size grain rice 31C122 and small size grain Xiaolidao, F2 generations and their parents were used to investigate the heredity of grain traits, grain length, grain width, grain thickness, length/width, and 1 000-grain weight. The results showed that the values of F1 grain traits were intermediate between those of parents, and always close to or less than the mid-parent values. Values of grain traits for F~ populations were varied continuously with the quantitative characteristics. Among these, each of the traits,grain length, grain width and 1 000-grain weight were controlled by a pair major gene and other minor genes. No major genes controlled the grain thickness and length/width was found with complicated genetic mechanisms.