2009～2011年蛟河市手足口病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological feature analysis of hand-foot-and-mouth disease cases in Jiaohe City during 2009 to 2011

目的探讨手足口病流行病学特征及影响因素,为预防、控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学的方法对2009～2011年手足口病患者资料进行分析。结果 3年报告手足口病933例,年平均报告发病率68.58/100 000,农村高于市区,以1～5岁(不包括5岁)散居儿童发病率最高,占报告病例的80.28%,男性多于女性,潮湿多雨年份和季节发病较多。检测患者的标本,以EV71型感染居多,占46.43%。结论手足口病在农村1～5岁(不包括5岁)散居儿童中发病率较高,潮湿多雨的夏秋季发病较多;幼儿抵抗力低、常将手、杂物放入口中与发病有关;进入疫区和接触手足口病患者是感染的重要途径。

Objective To discuss the epidemiologic feature and the influencing factor of band-foot-and-mouth disease in order to provide scientific basis for controlling the disease. Methods To analyze clinical data of patients with hand-foot- and-mouth disease during 2009 and 2011 using descriptive epidemiology. Results There were 933 patients with reported hand-foot-and-mouth disease in three years, and the annual average morbidity rate was 68.58/100 000, in which rural area had a higher rate than urban area. Scattered children between the age of 1-5 （except 5） years old had the highest mor- bidity rate, which was 80.28%. Men had a higher morbidity rate than women, and more cases were reported in rainy and moist time. Through inspecting the specimen of the patients, we found that EVT1 infection rate was 46.43%. Conclusion Hand-foot-and-mouth disease has a higher morbidity rate among scattered children between the age of 1-5 （except 5） and the cases increase in rainy and moist season as summer and autumn. The infants low resistance against disease, and their frequently putting their hands and sundries in their mouth contributes to infecting the disease. Going into the epidemic area and contacting those patients is the main channel of having the disease.