采用真空封闭引流法治疗心肺手术后切口裂开

Vacuum-assisted Closure in the Treatment of Wound Dehiscence after Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

目的介绍采用真空封闭引流法(VAC)治疗心肺手术后胸部切口裂开,总结其初期临床经验。方法回顾性分析2010年10月至2011年10月天津武警后勤学院附属医院12例心肺手术后胸部切口裂开患者经VAC治疗的临床资料,男7例,女5例;平均年龄64.3(39～80)岁。均经胸骨正中切口或侧胸切口径路行心肺手术。术后手术切口裂开程度均达胸骨或肋骨。胸部切口经清创后安装VAC装置海绵,使用间断负压仪治疗,7～10 d更换切口负压海绵1次。结果所有使用VAC治疗的患者平均更换VAC海绵材料2次,治疗中切口周围组织水肿消退,切口肉芽新鲜,所有患者全身状况改善,患者可以下床,生活自理,不再使用抗生素。住院医师的主要工作变成每日检查负压辅助装置工作是否正常,患者不再有恐惧和每天换药时的疼痛感。所有患者经治疗后痊愈出院,均在门诊进行随访,平均随访时间7个月,切口愈合牢固,效果满意。结论 VAC使用方便,能迅速促进切口愈合、减轻局部切口和全身炎性反应,加速患者康复,同时减轻了住院医师的工作量,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To introduce the early experience of using vacuum-assisted closure （ VAC ） in the treatment of wound dehiscence after thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Methods This report retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 12 patients who underwent VAC in the treatment of wound dehiscence after thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of CAPF between October 2010 and October 2011. There were 7 male patients and 5 female patients with their mean age of 64.3 years （ ranging from 39 to 80 years ） . All patients underwent operation via median sternotomy or lateral thoracic incision. All the wound dehiscence was deep to sternum or rib. After debridement of necrotic tissue, the wound surfaces were covered with VAC sponges, and intermittent negative pres- sure therapy was used. The VAC sponges were changed every 7-10 days. Results All the patients underwent an average of 2 times to change the VAC sponges during VAC treatment. After VAC treatment, the edema around the surgical wounds gradually disappeared, and the granulation tissue was refreshed. The overall conditions of all the patients were improved. The patients could leave their bed, walk in the ward, and look after themselves. Antibiotic treatment was no longer used. The residents checked up the negative pressure system every day to see whether it worked well. The patients were no longer afraid of changing dressing and pain every day. All the patients were healed, discharged from the hospital and followed up at outpatient department for a mean time of 7 months. Their wounds all healed well during follow-up. Conclusion VAC system is easy to use. It can facilitate the healing of wound dehiscence quickly, decrease the inflammatory reaction of local wound and the body, and shorten the rehabilitation time. It＇s also helpful to reduce the residents＇ work load. It is recommended in the treatment of wound dehiscence after thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.