早期苏北旅沪移民社团的演变

The Evolution and Class Differentiation of Immigrant Group from Subei

上海苏北人曾因贫穷、落后而长期遭受上海社会的歧视。其实,早期的苏北旅沪移民大多是富有的沙船主和商人,他们既建有同乡社团,也建立同业同乡社团,并开展内容丰富的慈善、救助事业,其中同乡社团一直运行至新中国建立初期。19世纪末期以后,苏北船商面临国内外同行的残酷竞争而纷纷破产。随着苏北生存条件恶化,大量破产的苏北移民涌入上海,受地缘、籍贯影响而成为劳工阶级的主力军。早期苏北旅沪移民社团的演变从一个侧面反映了上海城市的社会变迁,苏北族群的形成以及逐步明朗的阶级分化。

The Subei people ( people from north Jiangsu province) had been looked down upon by Shanghai people for a long time. In fact,those Subei people were actually rich businessmen and ship-owners,and did not go bankrupt and fall into the working class until the end of the 19th century due to fierce competitions. These changes,on some aspect,reflected the social transition of Shanghai,the formation of Subei group and increasingly obvious class differentiation.