模拟肝段与超声图像的比较及其在教学中的应用

Application of simulated liver segments in medical teaching

目的:探讨模拟肝段与超声图像的比较及其在教学中的应用.方法:使用橡皮泥按肝段的解剖比例,按标准形态制作8个橡皮泥肝段,然后组合成完整的模拟肝脏模型.按照肋间扫查的角度切割模拟肝脏.标准体型的人仰卧位,按照肋间隙从右上往左下依次扫查(第6-8肋间隙)3个切面.然后与模拟解剖肝脏的3个切面进行比较并分析所显示的肝段结构.结果:模拟肝脏的肋间切面与超声肋间切面能很好的吻合:橡皮泥肝脏A切面与B切面从上往下依次显示SⅤ、SⅧ、SⅦ肝段,超声图像a与b切面显示肝门静脉及肝静脉,门静脉以上部分为SⅤ,门静脉与肝静脉之间部分为SⅧ,肝静脉以下部分为SⅦ;橡皮泥肝脏C切面从上往下依次显示SⅤ、SⅥ、SⅦ肝段,超声图像c切面显示肝静脉断面及肝门静脉断面,门静脉右干至肝静脉断面部分为SⅤ,肝静脉断面至门静脉断面部分为SⅥ,门静脉断面以下部分为SⅦ.结论:通过切割橡皮泥肝脏模型,使超声断面上的肝段一目了然,对于学习超声肋间切面是个很好的学习方法,值得在教学中展开研究并应用.

AIM： To explore the application of simulated liver segments in medical teaching by compar- ing them with corresponding ultrasonic images. METHODS： Eight plasticine liver segments were developed according to anatomical proportion to make a model of the liver. The liver model was cut in accordance with the intercostal scanning angle. A man in a normal figure was scanned in three sections （the sixth-eighth intercostal space）. The acquired ultrasonic images were compared with the three sections of the simulated liver to analyze the structure of the liver. RESULTS： The intercostal sections of the simu- lated liver were in good agreement with the ultra- sonic images. Sections A and B of the simulated liver showed SⅤ, SⅧ and SⅦ liver segments, while ultrasonic sections a and b showed the he- patic portal vein and the hepatic vein. The results showed that the part above the portal vein is SⅤ, below the hepatic vein is SⅦ, and between them is SW. Section C of the simulated liver showed SⅤ, SⅥ and SⅦ liver segments, while ultrasonic sec- tion c showed the cross-section of the hepatic vein and the hepatic portal vein. The results showed that the part from the portal vein to the cross- section of the hepatic vein is SⅤ, the part from the cross-section of the hepatic vein to the portal vein is SⅥ, and the part below the cross-section of the portal vein is SⅦ. CONCLUSION： Cutting the plasticine liver mod- el can help better understand the liver segments on the ultrasonic images, representing a good method to learn ultrasonic intercostal sections.