浅谈自动气象站可用性评估

Availability evaluation for automatic weather station

以自动气象站的可用性为评估指标,利用中国气象局综合气象观测系统运行监控平台(ASOM)对江西省87套国家级自动气象站进行监控。从数据未到报、数据错误、报文格式错误3方面进行统计,并对影响自动气象站运行的因素进行分析。结果表明:2011年5～9月江西省自动气象站可用性统计中数据错误占47.1%,报文格式错误占26.1%,数据未到报占26.8%。从故障的分类中可以看出,雷击占故障总数的47%,因此加强自动气象站的防雷设施是提高自动气象站可用性的重要环节。

Using availability of automatic weather station as evaluation index in Jiangxi province, over 87 automatic weather stations are monitored by the atmospheric observing system operations and monitoring （ASOM） platform of CMA. This paper takes a statistics for three problems of no data,data error and error message format, and analyses the factors that influenced the operation of automatic weather station. The results show that the percent of data error is 47.1% during availability evaluation for Jiangxi automatic weather station in May to September, 2011. And the percent of error message format and no data account for 26. 1% and 26.8% respectively. According to fault classification, the lightning occupies 47% of all breakdowns. So strengthen the lightning protection of automatic weather station is the important way to improve the availability of automatic weather station.