“多肽保”防控烟草病害的有效技术探究

The Study of Effectiveness Control Technology of Dry Mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum(DMP) in Tobacco Disease

为了在烟叶生产上有效利用植物有机诱导抗病剂"多肽保",降低使用成本实现效益最大化.2011年,以不防病为空白对照,设置"多肽保"不同施用量和施用方式的11个处理,与当前生产上采取的化学防治措施的防效相比较.结果表明:1)"多肽保"仅苗期施用量0.1～0.2 g/株,有利于烟株的生长发育和获得较好的经济效益,增产、增值幅度分别达到25.0%和35.5%;苗期施用量达到或超过0.4 g/株对烟株生长及丰产会造成不利影响,在苗期及大田期同时施用并不能改变这一结果.2)"多肽保"仅苗期施用量0.1～0.6 g/株,对烟草黑胫病的平均防效为60.12%,而常规对照防效为53.37%,若在苗期及大田期同时施用也几乎不能改变这一结果;苗期施用量达到或超过0.8 g/株会严重影响到防治效果.3)"多肽保"对烟草花叶病的防效,在苗期和大田期同时施用表现为叠加效应,其防效可达到93.44%,而常规对照的防效仅为61.7%;苗期施用量达到或超过0.2 g/株,在移栽时不施的情况下也能表现出良好的防效.

In order to efficiently make use of DMP and reduce the cost to realize efficient maximization,eleven treatments of different DMP dose and methods of application on Nicotiana tabacum L.cv.Honghuadajinyuan was researched using non disease prevention as control.Results showed that： 1） when DMP was used in a dose of 0.1—0.2 g per individual plant in seeding stage,it was beneficial to the growth and development of tobacco plant and got a good economic benefit increasing production and value by percentage of 25.0% and 35.5% respectively;when the application dose was greater than or equal to 0.4 g per individual plant,it would do adversely affect to plant growth and high yield,the same result was obtained when DMP was both used in seeding stage and field period.2） when DMP was used in a dose of 0.1—0.6 g per individual plant in seeding stage,the average control effect toward black shank of tobacco reached 60.12%,with 53.37% in control,it didn′t change the result when DMP was both used in seeding stage and field period.It would affect control efficiency when the application dose was greater than or equal to 0.8 g per individual plant.3） when DMP was both used in seeding stage and field period,the control effect toward Tobacco mosaic virus（TMV） was superimposed,with a control effect of 93.44% and 61.7% in control,when application dose was greater than or equal to 0.2 g per individual plant,it also showed good control effect under no being used at transplanting.