中日废弃物治理体系的比较和反思

Comparison and Reflection on Waste Disposal System between China and Japan

工业化的快速发展和市场经济的刺激,给现代社会带来了沉重的废弃物治理负担。日本通过清晰的分类标准、有序的回收体系、明确的责任划分、有效的激励机制和广泛的社会宣传等形式,有效地实现了废弃物的回收治理和减量化。比较而言,中国的废弃物分类、回收和治理机制尚不完善。进一步加强政府、企业、媒体、家庭以及民间团体之间的沟通和对话,制定可行的政策法规,设计明确的责任划分和有效的激励机制,建立完整的废弃物分类和回收体系,是中国提高废弃物治理成效的根本途径。

It is the process of industrialization and the stimulation of market economics which makes waste disposal a burden to modern society. Japan implemented waste disposaFs classified recovery and quantitative reduction by clear classification standard, effective recovery system, clear responsibility dividing, incentive mechanism, and social propaganda. In contrast, the waste disposal system in China is not perfect. It is necessary to enhance the dialogue and communication among government, enterprise, media, family and non-governmental organization to discuss and establish the rule of responsibility and incentive. It is fundamental to build an effective recovery system on waste disposal in China.