武汉城市圈政策网络治理:参与主体与治理模式

Policy Network in Wuhan Metropolis:Participants Involvement and Governance Models

武汉城市圈的发展既是提升区域竞争力的需要,也是中部崛起的中坚力量。但是,城市圈内各地方政府机构分属不同的行政区划,形成了版图利益的冲突。这种利益冲突通过更高一级的政府来协调,行政成本巨大,而且改变不了根本的利益诉求。此外,城市圈公共事务的复杂性和社会自组织机制的发展要求一种自下而上的权力分配格局。面对这种难题,经过国外大量实践证实的政策网络治理理论为问题的解决提供了思路。本文在对政策网络治理文献梳理的基础上,针对区域规划、公共产品供给、私人产品供给和民生等不同的政策领域,提出了政府机关为中心、政府引导下的私人企业与非营利组织参与、第三方和私人企业为主政府为辅和全部主体参与四种治理模式。

The purpose of developing Wuhan metropolis is to enhance regional competitiveness in mid-China as part of plan for rise of central China. Local governments between this metropolitan area who are much fragmented, however, have respective jurisdiction interest which result in goal conflict and coordination dilemma. The method to coordinate such interests＇ conflicts through higher-level government should increase the administrative costs, and can not change the fundamental interest demands. In addition, the complexity of public affairs in metropolis and development of the social self-organization mechanism require a bottom-up distributing of power. Network governance proved an efficient solution to these problems by practice of west countries can be used to explore how to handle the cooperation issue in this paper. After main literature review in net-work governance area, four governance models targeting at Wuhan metropolis are designed： （1）as to regional plan policy, it should be government-centered and participants should be less; （2）as for policies involved in public goods, private firms and non-profit organizations should take part in decision-making and be guided by governments; （3）policies about production of private commodities should mainly decided by private and nor-profit organizations, government steering; （4）policies decision- making about the peoples＇ livelihood should follow citizens＇ will and be taken bottom-up decision model.