青海湖农场水分研究

Construction of Soil Moisture in Qinghai Lake Farm

根据对青海湖刚察县沙柳河镇的油菜地进行了土壤含水量测定和粒度分析,研究了土壤水分的变化特征、成因与适于发展的植被等问题。结果表明,研究青海湖农场地区的土壤粒度均以粗粉砂为主。在2009丰水年该区土壤上部含水量丰富,油菜地重力水可达130cm左右,土壤含水量随着深度增加呈降低的趋势。由于灌溉原因其平均含水量大于12%,无干层发育。但该区如草地,灌木丛等地的土壤干层发育广泛,为防止入湖水位的持续下降,应以发展耐旱牧草以及其他耗水量少的作物为主,控制耗水多的油菜种植面积,限制入湖水资源的开发利用。

According to soil water content and particle size analysis of samples from the rape land at Shaliuhe Town in Gangcha, changes in soil moisture and the causes are discussed in this paper. The results show that the soil in the studied area is silt which is mainly composed of coarse silt, and the depth of gravity water in this rape land can reach 130cm in 2009 when is wet year. But with the increase of depth, the content of soil water decreases. Soil dry layer oc- curs on irrigated grass land, and the degree of drying is relatively serious, which indicates that the local rainfall does not fully meet the needs of growth of grass and shrubs. Soil dry layer extensively develops in the region, so it should be to mainly develop drought-resistant grass and other crops that consume less water;, in order to prevent reduction of the wa- ter level of the lake, it should control the cultivation area consuming more water, and control exploiting of water re- sources of the rivers into Qinghai lake.