垃圾渗滤液对斑马鱼的毒性及抗氧化酶活性的影响

Toxicity and immune-related enzymes effects on zebrafish exposed to landfill leachate

在室内模拟条件下,以斑马鱼(Danio rerio)为受试动物,探讨生活垃圾渗滤液对斑马鱼的急性毒性及对其鱼鳃、肝脏中的过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)及Na+,K+-ATP酶等3种酶的影响。结果表明,垃圾渗滤液对斑马鱼的96 h LC50为13.2%。垃圾渗滤液对斑马鱼的急性毒性相对较高,斑马鱼对垃圾渗滤液毒性的敏感性强。慢性毒性测试结果显示,垃圾渗滤液对斑马鱼肝脏中SOD活性和GSH质量分数的诱导作用明显,对Na+,K+-ATP酶活性影响并不明显;垃圾渗滤液对斑马鱼鱼鳃中SOD活性影响显著(P<0.05)。除Na+,K+-ATP酶外,斑马鱼的抗氧化防御相关生物标志物对渗滤液染毒胁迫具有相对较高的敏感性,SOD和GSH均可用作垃圾渗滤液慢性胁迫的有效生物标志物。

The effects of landfill leachate rejected from reverse osmosis （RO） on the acute toxicity, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione （GSH）, Na＋, K＋-ATPase in the breathe-gill and liver ofDanio rerio were investigated. The results showed that the 96 h LC50 of landfill leachate was 13.2%. There were relatively high acute toxicity effect on zebrafish. Moreover, the zehrafish has strong sensitivity to landfill leachate toxicity. Results of chronic toxicity tests indicated that landfill leachate had a promoting effect upon the induction of the activities of SOD and GSH content in zehrafish liver tissue, whereas no significant effects on Na＋, K＋-ATPase activities. In addition, the activities of SOD activity in zebrafish gill were significantly （P〈0.05）. Biomarkers of antioxidant defense system of zehrafish had a relatively high sensitivity to leachate, except Na＋, K＋-ATPase, SOD activity and GSH content had had relatively high sensitivity to leachate except Na＋, K＋-ATPase, which showed that SOD and GSH can be used as effective biomarkers of landfill leachate chronic stress.