山区河流可持续发展能力评价研究

Assessment on sustainable development for rivers in mountain area

结合山区河流基本特征,从生态功能和人类服务功能两方面建立了山区河流可持续发展能力评价指标体系。基于信息熵和逼近于理想解的排序方法,提出了山区河流可持续发展能力的评价模型。以怒江中游为例,通过比较分析水电开发和旅游开发两种开发方式的可持续发展能力,验证了本文模型的科学性和可行性。分析结果表明:水电开发对怒江中游可持续发展的影响要大于旅游开发,主要体现在水电开发对当地社会经济的发展贡献较大,对生态环境的保护力度较大,但对自然的改变也较大。最后提出了多目标协同开发的山区河流可持续发展的对策。

According to the characteristics of river system in mountain area, the index system of the capaci- ty of sustainable development in this area was established in respect of the functions of both ecology and human service. Then, based on the method of entropy and the order preference by similarity to ideal solu- tion, a health evaluation model for this issue is proposed. The Nujiang River is taken as an example to verify the scientificity and feasibility of this paper by comparing analysis of the capacity of the sustainable development with the regard to the hydropower and tourism development. It is found that the influence of hydropower development is greater than that of tourism development to the sustainable development in the midstream of the Nujiang River, which mainly results from the great contribution of hydropowcr develop- ment to the local economy, the protection of ecological environment, as well as the great impact on the na- ture. The countermeasures to maintain river health based on multiple-objective are suggested.