脑梗死患者颅内外动脉狭窄的分布及影响因素研究

Intracranial and Extracranial Artery Stenosis in Patients with Cerebral Infarction in the Distribution and Influencing Factors

目的探讨与研究脑梗死患者颅内外动脉血管狭窄的分布及影响因素。方法我院自2006年4月—2011年12月对160例急性脑梗死患者行数字减影(DSA)检查,按是否有高血压分为高血压组和对照组。对患者颅内外动脉狭窄率、狭窄程度、分布特点及危险因素进行统计分析。结果急性脑梗死患者颅内外动脉狭窄发生率98/128(84.1%),单纯颅内血管狭窄57例(47.1%),单纯颅内外血管同时狭窄46例(34.8%),颅内合并颅外(两支以上血管同时狭窄)75例(57.9%)。两组中颅内血管发生率无明显差异,颅内外血管及多支病变中有统计学意义。两组中颅内外动脉狭窄程度与高血压比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.02),狭窄越严重高血压发病率越高。血管狭窄程度与年龄有密切关系(P=0.02)。结论高血压是脑血管病的高危因素且其颅内动脉狭窄发生率高于颅外。而且血管狭窄程度与年龄、长期吸烟、有明显差异。糖尿病、高血脂、性别与颅内外动脉狭窄程度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

Objective To explore and study of intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis for in the distribution and the influencing factors patients with cerebral infarction.Methods In our hospital from 2006 April to 2011 December in 160 patients with acute cerebral infarction digital subtraction（DSA）examination,according to whether the hypertension is hypertension group and control group.For patients with intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis rate,degree of stenosis,the distribution characteristics and risk factors for statistical analysis.Results Of acute cerebral infarction patients with intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis occurrence rate of 98/128（84.1%）,only 57 cases of intracranial vascular stenosis（47.1%）,simple intracranial and extracranial vessels and stenosis in 46 cases（34.8%）,intracranial and extracranial（more than two vessels and stenosis）in 75 patients（57.9%）.In two groups of intracranial vascular incidence rate has no obvious difference,and intracranial and extracranial artery and multivessel disease was statistically significant.The two group of intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis and hypertension have obvious difference（P=0.02）,the more severe the stenosis hypertension disease incidence rate is high.Vascular stenosis degree and are associated with age（P=0.02）.Conclusion hypertensive cerebrovascular disease is a risk factor of intracranial arterial stenosis and its incidence is higher than that of extracranial.And vascular stenosis severity with age,long-term smoking,there are obvious differences.Diabetes,high blood lipids,gender and intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis degree no difference.