静止条件下轨道炮电流分布特征仿真

Finite Element Simulation on Current Distribution Feature of Rail Launchers Under Static Conditions

目前电磁轨道炮研究的主要问题之一是发生在轨道和电枢之间的放电烧蚀。造成烧蚀的主要原因是轨道和电枢中电流分布的不均匀性。针对静止条件下5种典型的轨道-电枢结构,采用Ansoft12有限元分析软件,对比仿真分析了电流密度分布,结果表明:跑道截面轨道-马鞍体结构电枢的轨道炮具有最均匀的电流密度分布现像;矩形截面轨道-长方体结构电枢的轨道炮具有最大的不均匀电流分布特征。上述结论对抑制放电烧蚀、改善刨削和延长轨道使用寿命等方面有重要参考意义。

Currently,one of the problems about electromagnetic railguns is the discharge and ablation between rails and armature.The main reason of ablation is the local ohmic heating because of unevenly distributed current in armature and rails.Electric current density of five typical armature-rail structures under static condition are contrastively analyzed by Ansoft12.The results indicate the followings： the launcher with runway-cross-section rail and saddle armature structure has the most even electric current distribution,that with rectangle-cross-section rail and cuboid armature structure has the most asymmetrical electric current distribution.The above conclusions have important reference meaning for restraining discharge and ablation,improving gouging,lengthening operating life of the rail launcher etc.