谷氨酸单钠对大鼠视网膜毒性作用的组织学研究

Study of Toxic Effect on the Retina by Monosodium Glytamate in Rats

本研究选用新生 Wistar雄性大鼠 ,分为对照组和实验组。实验组于出生后 2— 10 d隔日皮下注射10 %谷氨酸单钠 (monosodium glutamate- MSG) (4 m g/ g体重 ) ,对照组在相应时间注射等量生理盐水 ,分别于出生后不同发育时期对眼球作肉眼及光镜观察 ,并作图像分析处理。结果显示 ,发育不同时期实验组眼球重量明显低于对照组 ;实验组视网膜的节细胞层 ,内核层 ,内网层及外网层厚度与对照组相比明显变薄 ;节细胞 ,双极细胞表现出早期水肿和迟发性固缩死亡 ,细胞数量减少。同时也观察到节细胞 ,双极细胞受 MSG损伤的时相及程度不等 ,从新生期至成年期呈进行性加重。视细胞变化不明显。本文结果表明谷氨酸单钠对视网膜神经细胞有明显的毒性作用 ,从而造成视觉功能障碍。

Neonatal wistar male mice were used in this study. Experimental groups were given subcutancous injections of 10% MSG (4mg/g-weight) for 5 times from the second to tenth post-natal day. Control injections of equal normal saline were given in the same period. Naked eye, light microscopic observations and image analyses were separately made on post-natal different development periods. The results showed: the volume and weight of eyes of experimental animals were apparently lower than those of control animals. The ganglion layer bipolar layer, inner plexiform layer and outer plexiform layer of the retinas of experimental groups obviously became thin, the number of ganglion and bipolar cell was reduced with early-date swelling and delayed pyknotic death. Meanwhile, the observations also showed that the damaged of ganglion and bipolar cells was heavlly progressed by MSG from natal to adult hood. As mentioned above, the change of visual cells was not obvious. The results revealed that because there was a marked toxicant effect to neurons in the retinas. It is necessary and important to control taking Monosodium Glutamate at early stage of development.