小儿颈外静脉穿刺的解剖学研究

Anatomical Study of the Veinpuncture from the External Jugular Vein of the Infant

目的 :为临床儿科静脉穿刺抽血提供解剖学依据。方法 :在 30例 (6 0侧 )甲醛固定的小儿尸体上解剖并观测了颈外静脉的深度、外径、长度及毗邻关系 ,并与大隐静脉、肘正中静脉进行了对比。结果 :双侧颈外静脉上段的平均深度为 3.6 1± 0 .46 m m,左侧外径为 3.34± 0 .78m m,右侧外径为 3.86± 0 .6 4mm,左侧长度为 35 .6 7± 3.30 mm,右侧长度为 41.6 2± 4.19mm。结论 :小儿浅静脉穿刺抽血应当首选颈外静脉上段 ,次选大隐静脉 ,肘正中静脉基本上不适用于穿刺。

The depth, diameters, length of the external jugular vein and its around structure were measured and observed on 30 infant cadavers (60 sides). so were the great saphenous veins and the median cubital veins. In the superior sections of the external jugular vein, on average, the depth were 3.61±0.46mm, the diameter of left were 3.34±0.78mm, the right were 3.86±0.64mm; the length of left were 35.67±3.30mm, the right were 41.62±4.19mm. Conclusions: On infant, the first select position of superficial veinpuncture were on the superior sections of the external jugular vein, the next were the great saphenous veins, the median cubital veins were not basically fitting.