饮食对特应性皮炎的影响

Effects of diet on atopic dermatitis

特应性皮炎是一种慢性、复发性、炎症性皮肤病，儿童发病率高，加上难以配合治疗，容易导致病情加重，给患者和家庭带来负担。目前，对高危人群或患者的饮食与营养的调节正逐步受到重视。现有的研究认为，孕期限制饮食不能起到预防作用，而单独母乳喂养至少4个月是降低患病风险的可能途径。水解配方食品、必需脂肪酸、抗氧化剂及益生菌的摄取虽不能预防疾病，但可显著减轻症状。今后还需要更多营养素规范化摄取的随机对照试验及更深入的研究支持并拓展这些理论。

Atopic dermatitisis （AD）, a chronic and relapsing inflammatory dermatosis with a predilection for children, often brings a heavy burden to patients and their family. Poor compliance often worsens the condition. More and more attention has been paid on the regulation of diet and nutrition in these patients and high-risk population. It has been demonstrated that dietary restrictions during pregnancy has no benefit in preventing AD. Exclusive breastfeeding for at least 4 months may reduce the risk of AD. Although hydrolyzed formula, essential fatty acids, antioxidants and probiotics have no preventive effect, they can significantly reduce the severity of AD. More large-scale randomized controlled trials and further researches on standard intake of nutrition are required to support and develop these views mentioned above.