从俄罗斯形式论学派到布拉格学派——兼论开拓布拉格学派文论研究的意义

From Russian Formalism to the Prague School—On the Significance of Research on the Literary Theory of the Prague School

本文从历史和理论两方面对俄罗斯形式论学派与布拉格学派的文论思想进行比较,对流行于学界的这样一种看法提出质疑,即布拉格学派文论长久以来被视为俄罗斯形式论学派文论的简单延续和翻版。从历史角度看,俄罗斯形式论学派对布拉格学派的影响虽是确凿的,但我们不可因此将这种影响极端化、绝对化。事实上,俄罗斯形式论学派只是布拉格学派文论众多思想来源的一支,布拉格学派文论也绝不是俄罗斯形式论学派文论的重演,而是有着自身高度的理论原创性和辐射力。

This paper compares the literary theories of Russian Formalism and the Prague School from both historical and theoretical perspectives. It questions the long popular view in academia that the literary theory of the Prague School is a simple continuity and a replica of the literary theory of Russian Formalism. It＇s true that Russian Formalism has a great impact on the Prague School from a historical perspective, but we can＇t consider this impact extreme and absolute. In fact, Russian Formalism is just one of source ideas which influence the literary theory of the Prague School, and the literary theory of the Prague School is never a replica of Russia Formalism, but has its own highly theoretical originality and radiation.