球形储罐的应力分析

Stress analysis of spherical tanks

随着球形储罐的建造规格向大型化发展,其材料用量和球壳板尺寸规格也越来越大,由此增加了球壳板在压制、运输、现场吊装及焊接等一系列建造难度。因此,大型球罐在结构、载荷等方面的本质安全要求更高的情况下,需要按照分析设计方法进行球罐的设计。通过全面的分析总结,对涵盖所有载荷组合形式的球罐4种载荷工况和2种结构模型进行整体应力计算,分析了各种载荷工况下球罐的受力状况,重点分析了支柱与球罐连接部位的应力情况。结论是:应力计算要考虑所有可能的载荷组合工况;计算载荷时要分别建立"对中模型"和"跨中模型";最大应力是在支柱与球罐连接处,要尽可能圆滑过渡,有限元应采用六面体单元分析。

As the size of spherical tanks becomes increasingly larger,the steel material requirement and the dimensions of tank pedal plates have become increasingly bigger,which results in a number of difficulties in petal plate forming,transportation,side lifting installation and welding,etc.It is necessary to design the spherical tanks based upon analysis design methods under the conditions of higher requirements in intrinsic safety of spherical tanks’ construction and load.The integral stress calculations have been made for 4 loads of different load combination tanks and 2 structures.The force exerting on the spherical tanks at different loads are studied and stresses at the connections between supports and tanks are analyzed.It is concluded that,all stresses should be calculated based upon all possible loads combination,the central model and bestraddle model should be established for load calculation,the maximum stress should be at the connection between support and tank smooth transition should adopted and hexahedral element analysis should be applied for finite element analysis.