湘西地区农村7-15岁儿童体重指数、血压及其相关性研究

BMI,Blood Pressure and their Association among Children of 7-15 Years Old in Rural Areas of Xiangxi

目的:探讨湘西地区农村7-15岁儿童体重指数、血压及其相关性。方法:随机抽取湘西地区怀化市,吉首市,张家界市农村地区,于2011年1月到3月对7-15岁儿童进行调查。我们采用问卷调查法和体格检查法收集资料,采用中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)推荐的"中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准"。高血压诊断采用文献中国儿童青少年血压参照标准评价肥胖和高血压。结果:1755名7-15岁儿童中,男性938人、占53.4%,女性817人占46.6%。男性BMI正常组838人、超重组7人和肥胖组30人,SBP分别为101.1±23.5 mmHg、103.9±12.0 mmHg、106.9±8.8 mmHg,DBP分别为66.7±9.0 mmHg、69.8±7.4 mmHg、71.7±9.1 mmHg。女性BMI正常组768人、超重组43人和肥胖组17人;SBP分别为101.3±35.1 mmHg、104.5±18.0 mmHg、109.1±9.8 mmHg,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05),DBP分别为66.2±8.1 mmHg、71.1±8.8 mmHg、72.0±7.9 mmHg,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。制年龄和性别后,BMI与收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)成独立正相关关系(P<0.05);BMI正常组、超重组和肥胖组的高SBP发生率分别是1.3%、7.1%和15.2%,高DBP发生率分别是4.5%、9.2%和17.4%,高SBP发生率分别是5.3%、13.3%和32.6%,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:儿童BMI与SBP和DBP密切相关,儿童超重和肥胖增加高血压的发生风险,且高血压发生率随肥胖程度的增加呈现成倍上升趋势。

Objective： To explore the BMI,blood pressure and their association between blood pressure and BMI among children of 7～15 years old in rural areas of Xiangxi.Methods： Data of weight,height and blood pressure were collected from 1755 subjects aged 7～15 years from contryside of Xiangxi（Male：938,Female：817） by taking questionnaire survey and physical examination.Results： Among 1755 children aged from 7-15（Male 938.53.4%,Female 817,46.6%）,according to the level of BMI,male is classified into nor-mal group（838）,overweight group（67）,obesity group（30）,SBP is 101.1±23.5,103.9±12.0,106.9±8.8,DBP is 66.7±9.0、69.8±7.4,71.7±9.1;female is classified into normal group（768）,overweight group（43）,obesity group（17）,SBP is 101.3±35.1,104.5±18.0,109.1±9.8,DBP is 66.2±8.1,71.1±8.8,72.0±7.9;after control the age and sex,BMI is positive related with SBP and DBP indepen-dantly（P0.001）;the incidence of high SBP rate in BMI normal group,overweight group and obesity group is 1.3%,7.1% and 15.2%,and the incidence of high DBP rate is 5.3%,13.3% and 32.6%,the difference have statistical sense（P0.001）.Conclusion： BMI is closely associated with SBP and DBP in children.Overweight and obesity raise the risk of hypertension.Moreover,the trends rest in the fact that the prevalence of hypertension is associated with an increased risk of obesity.