疟原虫环子孢子蛋白的研究进展

Research Advances on Circumsporzoite Protein of Plasmodium

环子孢子蛋白(circumsporzoite protein,CSP)是疟原虫成熟子孢子表面的锚定蛋白,约含400个氨基酸,由N端保守I区、种属特异性的中央重复区和C端保守Ⅱ区构成。CSP在疟原虫的迁移、靶细胞入侵和增殖过程中发挥重要作用。近年研究显示,CSP在疟疾疫苗和靶向给药系统中具有良好的应用前景。本文对疟原虫CSP的结构特征、功能及其应用前景作一综述。

Circumsporzoite protein （CSP） is found in all the mature malaria parasites, which forms a dense coat on the sporozoite＇s surface. CSPs contain approximately 400 amino acids and are organized into three domains： an N-terminal domain containing a conserved pentapeptide called region I, a highly repetitive species-specific central domain, and a C- terminal domain containing another conserved sequence called region II. It has been reported that the CSP fulfills vital roles in invading to the mosquito＇s salivary glands, binding sporozoite to liver cells, and inactivating host ceil protein synthesis machinery. Recently, researches pointed out that both of the vaccine and the targeted-drug-delivery-system based on CSP antigen reveal an immense prospect. This review presents a compilation of the protein at the molecular characterization, function and application level that have been described to date.