沧州城乡居民痔疮的流行病学调查

Epidemiological Investigation of Hemorrhoids Among Urban and Rural Residents in Cangzhou

目的通过对沧州城乡某些区域内居民进行问卷调查,了解本地区居民痔疮的发病情况。方法采用人群问卷调查法。问卷通过某一居委会和某一中学统一发放,规定时间内填写完成,统一收回。发放6 000张,收回有效问卷5 724张,有效回收率95.4%。按实际所填写内容进行Excel表统计。结果本组调查人群痔疮患病率16.5%;女性患病率17.9%,男性患病率14.9%,女性高于男性。痔疮的发生与生活环境、饮食习惯及身体状况等有关。结论痔疮与工作性质、生活紧张程度有关,失眠、生活紧张及压力大患病率高;城镇居民高于农村居民;饮食以细粮为主的高于以粗粮为主者;脑力劳动高于体力劳动,差别不大;女性高于男性,且在女性妊娠者高于非妊娠者,妊娠次数越多,痔疮发生的可能性越大。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hemorrhoids in some urban and rural residents of Cangzhou through questionnaire survey.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the residents of a neighborhood committee and a middle school.The questionnaires were filled out within limited time period.Totally 6,000 questionnaires were sent out and 5,724 valid ones were retrieved,with the valid recovery rate of 95.4%.The surveyed results were statistically analyzed using MS Excel.Results Among the surveyed residents,the prevalence rate of hemorrhoids was 16.5%.The prevalence rate in females（17.9%） was higher than that in males（14.9%）.The occurrence of hemorrhoids was correlated with living environment,diet habit,and physical condition,etc.Conclusions Hemorrhoids is related to working characters and the degree of tension living.Insomnia,tension living,and too much pressure are the high-risk factors for hemorrhoids.The prevalence rate of urban residents is higher than that of rural ones.The prevalence rate in residents with many refined-grains products is higher than that in ones with many coarse grains products.The prevalence rate in residents with mental work is higher than that in ones with labor work,but the difference is not significant.The prevalence rate of females is higher than that of males;moreover,the rate of pregnant women is higher than that of non-pregnant ones.The more the pregnancy times,the higher the probability of hemorrhoids.