不同生育时期干旱对花生根系生理特性及产量的影响

Effects of Drought Stress at Different Growth Stages on Physiological Characteristics of Root and Pod Yield in Peanut

采用旱棚土柱栽培法,研究了不同生育时期干旱对花生根系生理特性及产量的影响。结果表明:干旱胁迫下,花生根系变长,直径变小,表面积增大,根尖数增多,根系活力下降,根系总吸收面积、根系活跃吸收面积增大,根干物质量、根冠比增大。不同生育时期相比,花针期和结荚期干旱对根系生长发育和根系活力的影响明显大于苗期和饱果期干旱,而根系总吸收面积和活跃吸收面积增幅显著低于苗期和饱果期,表明花针期和结荚期对干旱反应敏感;不同时期干旱明显降低了花生荚果产量,结荚期减产最大,其次为花针期和饱果期,苗期减产最小。

Influences of drought stress on physiological characteristics of root and pod yield of pea- nut at different growth stages were studied through pillar culture with rain-proof shelter. Drought stress increased the root length, surface area, total absorption area （TAAR）, active absorption area （AAAR）, dry mass, the number of the root tips and root to shoot ratio, decreased the root diameter and the root vigor. Through comparing with the different growth stages of peanut, the effects of drought at pegging stage and pod-setting stage were more obvious than that of seedling stage and pod- filling stage on root growing development and root vigor. But total and active absorption areas were increased notably less than that of seedling and pod-filling stage. All of these indicated that drought had a sensitive impact on pegging and pod-setting stage. Drought decreased the peanut pod yield at different growth stages, especially at pod-setting stage, and then at pegging stage and pod-filling stage, the least decreasing happened at seedling stage.