可吸收胶原膜在即刻种植中引导骨组织再生作用的研究

Guided Bone Regeneration of Bioabsorbable Collagen Membrane in Immediate Dental Implants

目的:通过动物实验研究可吸收胶原膜在即刻种植骨缺损区引导骨组织再生的作用。方法:8只实验用犬,拔除双侧下颌第二、三、四前磨牙,每个拔牙窝植入1枚种植体,并在种植体颈部对应牙槽骨上制备半环状骨缺损,将每只实验犬口内的6处骨缺损随机分为3组,每组两处,并给予不同处理。A组:骨缺损中植入珊瑚羟基磷灰石,并用可吸收胶原膜覆盖;B组:骨缺损中单纯植入珊瑚羟基磷灰石;C组:骨缺损中不植入任何材料,作为空白对照组。3个月后处死所有实验动物,制作含单个种植体的骨标本,进行大体观察、生物力学测定、组织形态学观察及测定。结果:3组标本骨缺损区均可见新骨生成,A组种植体颈部骨缺损区无软组织长入,新生骨量多,骨质成熟,成骨效果最好;B组次之,部分标本骨缺损区有软组织长入,新生骨量及骨质均不如A组。C组最差。结论:可吸收胶原膜生物相容性良好,可降解,可阻止软组织向骨缺损区长入,对骨组织再生有促进作用。

Objective： This study was proposed to evaluate the effect of bioabsorbable collagen membrane in guided bone regeneration in cases of bone defects with immediate dental implants. Methods： 8 beagle dogs were sedated with ketamine and 2, 3, and 4 premolars in both sides of mandible were extracted. Immediate implants was inserted into the extraction wounds. Each extraction socket was made one implantation. A half circumferential bone defect measured 3 minx4 mm was prepared around the neck of implant. 6 bone defects in one dog were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A, coralline hydroxyapatite （CHA） covered with bioabsorbable collagen membrane were used as restorative material in the defects. Group B, CI-IA only. Group C, blank control. All the dogs were sacrificed at the end of 3 months. The bone specimens including the single implant were collected, which were removed and studied by Gross examination, histological observation, and biomechanical tests. Result： New bone formation in bone defects were observed in all 3 groups. Group A： great amount of matured new bone with no soft tissue growth. Group B： there was scanty new bone and some soft tissue formation. Group C was the worst of three groups. Conclusion： Bioabsorbable collagen membrane with CHA might act as a autograft and stimulate peri-implant bone healing.