乌鲁木齐市汉族孕妇营养知识、态度及行为调查与分析

The research of influencing factors and current situation of nutrition Knowledge, attitude and behavior among Han pregnant women in Urumqi

目的了解乌鲁木齐市汉族孕妇营养知识、态度及饮食行为现状及其影响因素,为孕妇营养教育工作提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查法,对2011年5-11月在乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院定期行产前检查的汉族孕妇共600例(孕早、中、晚期各200例)进行营养知识、态度、行为的问卷调查,并对结果进行分析。结果乌鲁木齐市汉族孕妇营养知识掌握情况欠佳,营养态度普遍较好。62.8%的孕妇有挑食、偏食现象,66.7%的孕妇不吃保健品,97.8%孕妇不吸烟,但是61.5%的孕妇受被动吸烟,1.3%孕妇在孕期偶尔饮酒,96.8%孕妇不知道如何安排孕期的饮食。孕妇营养知识水平与年龄、文化程度间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),与职业间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐市汉族孕妇的营养知识水平和饮食行为有待改善,建议提高医护人员的营养知识水平,加强孕妇及家人的营养教育,以促进母子健康。

Objective To understanding the nutrition knowledge,attitudes and practice of its influencing factors of pregnant women of Han nationality,in order to provide the scientific basis of pregnant women′s nutrition education.Method The questionnaire was used to conduct nutritional knowledge,attitudes,practice surveies of regular prenatal check to 600 of Han pregnant woman（Pregnant early,middle and late pregnant women,n=200） from May 2011 to November in Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,and the results were analyzed.Results The maternal nutrition knowledge of pregnant women of Han nationality in Urumqi was not so well,but nutrition attitude was generally good,62.8% of pregnant women were picky eaters,the 66.7% of pregnant women did not eat health care products,97.8% of pregnant women did not smoke,but 61.5% of pregnant women affected by passive smoking,1.3% of pregnant women drank now and then during pregnancy,96.83% of pregnant women did not know how to arrange the food consumption during pregnancy.The maternal nutrition educational levels were statistically significant with knowledge levels and age（P0.05）.Conclusion Currently the Han population of pregnant women nutrition knowledge and eating behavior,health care workers about nutritional knowledge and skills should be improved,We should enhance pregnant women and their families nutrition education promote mother and child health.