植物抗菌蛋白及其在农业中的应用研究进展

Progress in Antimicrobial Proteins Derived from Plants and Its Application Research in Agriculture

植物在长期进化过程中为了抵御外源物侵袭而产生了一些具有抗菌活性的蛋白质和肽等。在自然界中植物抗菌蛋白多种多样,多为抗真菌蛋白,依据其结构、作用机制和序列特性,可将其大体分为以下几类:病程相关蛋白、类亲环素蛋白、防御素及类防御素蛋白、凝集素、核糖体失活蛋白、脂转移蛋白、蛋白酶抑制剂和2S清蛋白等。随着植物抗真菌蛋白的分离纯化,植物抗病基因工程的研究的重大突破,植物抗真菌蛋白在植物抗病原菌和抗虫保护中展示出广阔的应用前景。总结植物抗真菌蛋白研究进展,对其在农业抗虫和转基因方面的应用研究作了阐述。

Plants produce some antimicrobial proteins and peptide in order to resist the attack of exogenous species. There is a diversity of antimicrobial proteins existing in nature, and most of them are antifungal proteins. Plant antifungal proteins can be classified into different groups on the basis of its structure, mechanism and sequence characteristics, comprising pathogenesis- related proteins, cyclophilin - like proteins, defensins and defensin - like proteins, lectins, ribosome - inactivating proteins, lipid transfer proteins, protease inhibitors and 2S albumins proteins. As the separation and purification of the antifungal proteins of plants, and the breakthrough of gene engineering of plant disease resistance, these proteins show its broad application prospects in plants resistance against fungal pathogens and insect. The author summarized the research progress of plant antifungal protein, and described the application study and prospect of the insect resistance and transgcnic aspects in agriculture.