2010年江苏省疟疾疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of malaria prevalence in Jiangsu Province in 2010

目的分析2010年江苏省疟疾疫情及流行特征,为制订适合本省实际的有效消除疟疾策略和措施提供依据。方法对全省网络报告疟疾疫情和流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果2010年江苏省共报告疟疾386例,与2009年病例数基本持平,发病率为0.05/万。其中本地感染间日疟病例100例,较2009年下降了47.92%,主要分布在淮河沿岸的徐州、宿迁和淮安3市,占全省病例总数的75%(75/100);输入性疟疾病例286例,其中境外输入性恶性疟病例207例,较2009年上升了104.95%,主要分布在江苏中部和苏北沿海的南通、泰州、扬州、淮安、盐城和连云港6市。286例输入性病例中,国内其他省输入38例,均为间日疟,其中复发病例11例,复发率显著高于本地感染病人;国外输入248例,207例为输入性恶性疟病例,其中82例为回国后再燃,41例间日疟病例中,复发病例23例,复发率显著高于本地感染病例和国内其他省输入病例。结论江苏省本地感染间日疟病例明显下降,但输入性间日疟病例数仍较多,且境外输入性恶性疟病例逐年成倍上升。因此,要在江苏省如期实现消除疟疾目标,一方面要加强重点地区疟疾防治,进一步降低本地感染病例发病率;另一方面要积极探索流动人员中间日疟病例的休止期根治方法,降低复发率,减少输入性间日疟病例对本省疟疾防治成果的影响;同时要进一步加强对劳务输出人员的健康教育,提高务工人员的自我保护意识,并积极开展多部门协作,加强对劳务输出回国人员的监测和管理,做好输入性恶性疟防控工作。

Objective To analyze malaria prevalence and epidemic characteristics in Jiangsu Province in 2010, so as to pro- vide a theoretical basis for the development of effective malaria elimination strategies and measures. Methods The reported ma- laria cases from the Internet reporting system and epidemiologieal data of malaria in Jiangsu Province were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 386 malaria cases were reported in Jiangsu Province in 2010 with the incidence of 0.05/10 000 which was sim- ilar to that in 2009. There were 100 cases of local vivax malaria, which decreased by 47.92% compared to 192 cases in 2009. The majority （75/100） of local vivax malaria distributed in Xuzhou, Huai＇an and Suqian cities which were all located along the Huai River. There were 286 imported cases including 207 imported falciparum malaria cases which increased by 104.95% comparing to 101 cases in 2009. The imported falciparum cases mainly distributed in Nantong, Taizhou, Yangzhou, Huai＇an, Yancheng and Li- anyungang cities which were located in central Jiangsu and coastal areas of northern Jiangsu. Among the 286 imported cases, 38 cases which were all vivax malaria were imported from other provinces of China, and 11 cases in these 38 imported vivax cases were relapse and with the significantly higher relapse rate than that of local patients. A total of 248 cases were imported from over- seas and in which 207 cases were falciparnm cases including 82 cases of recurrence after returning China. There were 23 relapse cases in 41 overseas imported vivax cases with the significantly higher relapse rate than those of both local cases and imported cas- es from other provinces of China. Conclusions The local vivax malaria cases in Jiangsu Province decrease significantly, but the number of imported vivax cases are still high and the imported falciparum cases from overseas are increasing exponentially year by year. Therefore, to achieve the target of malaria elimination in Jiangsu Province on schedule, the malaria control in key areas should be strengthened to further reduce local infection incidence, also have to actively explore the radical cure approaches during no transmission season for vivax malaria cases among mobile population and reduce the relapse rate to reduce the impact of import-ed vivax cases to the control effects in Jiangsu Province. At the same time, the health education to the personnel of labor export should be further strengthened to improve their awareness of self-protection, and actively carry out multi-sector collaboration and enhance the monitoring and management of returned labors from overseas to promote the work on imported falciparum malaria pre- vention and control.