干细胞移植治疗阿尔茨海默病的研究现状及展望

Research and prospects of stem cells transplantation for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

背景:神经干细胞、骨髓来源的间充质干细胞移植后能够不同程度地缓解阿尔茨海默病患者的症状,在阿尔茨海默病的治疗中表现出很好的潜力。目的:总结了干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的研究现状,并展望了其应用前景。方法:应用计算机检索CNKI和PubMed数据库中1981-01/2011-08关于干细胞移植治疗阿尔茨海默病的文章,在标题和摘要中以"阿尔茨海默病;干细胞;间充质干细胞;移植"或"Alzheimer’s disease;stemcell;mesenchymal stem cells;transplantation"为检索词进行检索。选择文章内容与干细胞移植治疗阿尔茨海默病相关,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章。初检得到122篇文献,根据纳入标准选择17篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:对阿尔茨海默病病理改变及发病机制的了解,有利于选择更灵敏的阿尔茨海默病检测的生物标志物,有效预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病。线粒体DNA变化的氧应激,免疫应答的参与等在阿尔茨海默病的发病过程中都发挥关键作用,而且可能是多因素协同作用。通过对干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的机制研究指导其临床方面的应用。

BACKGROUND： Neural stem cells （NSCs） and bone marrow-derived mesenchsymal stem cells transplantation would alleviate the symptoms of AIzheimer＇s disease patients and therefore shows the potential to treat Alzheimer＇s disease. OBJECTIVE： To review the research development of stem cells therapy for Alzheimer＇s disease, and to discusses its potential applications. METHODS： The articles about stem cells transplantation for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease were retrieved in CNK database and PubMed database from January 1981 to August 2011. The index words in titles and abstracts were ＂Alzheimer＇s disease, stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, transplantation＂. The articles related to stem cells transplantation for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease and those which were recently published in famous Scholarly Journals in the same field were selected. At last, we got two hundred and forty-one theses. According to the inclusion criteria, 28 documents were finally selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Understanding of the pathological changes and pathogenesis of AIzheimer＇s disease would be helpful to select sensitive biological markers and carry out effective preventions and treatments for Alzheimer＇s disease. Mitochondrial DNA changes of oxygen stress and the immune responses in Alzheimer＇s disease played a key role in the pathological process of Alzheimer＇s disease, and maybe have a good synergistic effect. The mechanism research regarding stem cells transplantation for treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease can guide the clinical applications.