基于复杂网络中心度的航空货运网络层级结构

Hierarchy of Air Freight Transportetion Network Based on Centrality Measure of Complex Networks

采用复杂网络理论中的点度中心度、中间中心度、接近中心度等3个关键指标,结合航空货物运输数据,用SPSS对我国航空货运网络进行系统聚类,从城市、区域和航线等角度对货运网络进行层级分析.研究表明:我国航空货运网络分布不均衡,具有明显的枢纽层级城市、区域层级城市、中级层级城市和边缘层级城市等4个层级结构;绝大部分航空货运量、航线、起降架次等集中在少数枢纽层级城市和区域层级城市,其他层级城市则依赖这2类城市进行货物运输中转.亟须合理安排新增航线和新增通航城市以解决航空货运枢纽城市后劲不足等问题.

In this paper, the air freight network in China is systematically clustered with the three key indicators of point-degree centrality, middle degree centrality and close centrality of complex network theory based on field air freight transport data. The air freight network is also analyzed from the city, regional and airline. The results show that the distribution of the air freight network in China is imbalanced and has a very clear four hierarchy of hub-level city, regional-level city, middle-level city and edge-level city. The vast majority of air freight, routes, movements, navigable cities concentrated in a few urban and regional cities, and the freight transportation of other cities mainly depend on transfer from the central cities. Reasonable establishments of new routes and navigable cities are rather essential to improve the capacity of air freight hub cities.