中老年人眼球生物学结构参数的年龄相关性改变

Age-related changes of ocular biological structure in the elderly

目的通过横断面研究数据分析50岁及以上中国人眼球生物学结构参数的年龄相关性改变。方法以社区筛查时50岁以上中国人为研究对象,通过调查问卷了解既往眼部疾病史,通过自动验光仪测量屈光度及角膜曲率,通过A型超声测量眼球前房深度、晶状体厚度及眼轴长度,取右眼数据分析,用STATA11.0统计软件进行统计学处理。结果本研究共纳入730人,男性眼轴长度为(23.62±1.39)mm,女性眼轴长度为(23.16±1.50)mm,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);男性前房深度为(2.78±0.38)mm,女性为(2.68±0.35)mm,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);晶状体厚度男性为(4.23±0.68)mm,女性为(4.33±0.68)mm,两者相比差异有统计学意义(P=0.02);角膜曲率男性为(43.41±1.55)D,女性为(44.21±1.48)D,两者相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。方差分析结果表明,50岁以上中国人中,随着年龄增长,眼轴长度和角膜曲率均无变化(P=0.60、0.33),前房深度随年龄增长不断变浅(P<0.001),晶状体厚度随着年龄增长不断增厚(P<0.001)。结论 50岁以上中国人,男性眼轴较女性长,前房较女性深,晶状体较女性薄,角膜曲率较女性小;眼轴长度及角膜曲率不随年龄变化而发生改变,前房深度随年龄增长逐渐变浅,晶状体厚度随年龄增长逐渐增厚。

Objective To investigate age-related changes of ocular biological structure in Chinese populations with more than 50 years old by cross-sectional study. Methods The aiming subjects were 50 years old Chinese populations in the community screening for blindness prevention. The ocular diseases history was recorded by ques- tionnaire. The refraction and corneal curvature of right eye were measured by autore- fractor. The axial length, anterior chamber depth and length thickness were measured by A ultrasound. STATA 11.0 software was used for analysis. Results Among 991 partic- ipants in the study, data from 730 subjects were available for this analysis. The ocular axial length of men and women were （23.52 ± 1.39）mm and （23.16 ± 1.50） mm,re- spectively,the difference was significant （P 〈 0. 001 ）. The anterior chamber depth of men and women were （2.78± 0.38 ） mm and （ 2.68± 0.35 ） ram, respectively, the differ- ence was significant（P 〈0. 001 ）. The lens thickness of men and women were （4.23 ± 0. 68）mm and （ 4. 33 ± 0. 68 ） nun, respectively, the difference was statistically （ P = 0. 02）. The corneal curvature of men and women were （43.41± 1.55 ） D and （44.21 ± 1.49 ） D ,the difference was significant （P 〈 0.001 ）. The variance analysis showed the ocular axial length（P = 0.50） and corneal curvature （P = 0.33 ） did not change with age increase, but the anterior chamber depth decreased with age increase （P 〈 O. 001 ）, and the lens thickness increased with age increase （ P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusion In Chinese populations with more than 50 years old,the ocular axial length of the men is longer than that of the women,the anterior chamber depth is deeper than women, the lens thickness is thinner than women, and the corneal curvature is less than women. The ocular axial length and corneal curvature did not change with age increase, the anterior chamber depth decreases and lens thickness increases with age increase.