明代前期汉语词汇特点分析——基于史部类白话语料

Lexical Features of the Chinese Language in the Early Ming Dynasty:A Corpus-Based Study of the History-Related Popular Literature

明代词汇研究主要立足于小说、话本等语料,很多散见于史书、文集中的口语语料和境外语料没有得到充分利用。文章通过对明代前期史部白话语料的分析,发现明代前期词汇特点鲜明,词语竞争激烈,出现了一些富有时代特点的新词语,口语和方言词语不断融入通语,方言词语表现出一定的地域差异和渗透性。

Most of the study on the lexical features of Chinese language during the Ming dynasty （1368 - 1644） has been based on novels, story-telling scripts and so on, and has failed to make the best of the many data of oral Chinese scattered in historical and/or literary works as well as the materials outside China. This paper, through a corpus-based analysis of the history-related popular literature in the early Ming dynasty, finds that the Chinese language at that time was with distinctive lexieal features, with new words springing up that reflected the then social life, oral and dialectal words constantly entering the standard speech, and dialectal expressions showing certain regional diversity and inter-permeability.