地方政府研究的三种路径:特征、优缺点及研究应用——兼评社会学近年来对中国地方政府的研究

Three Paradigms about Studies of Local Government:Features,Advantages,Disadvantages,and Applications:Comments on Recent Chinese Local Government Researches

在地方政府研究领域,既有研究成果通常包含着研究者对价值关怀、理论、经验事实三者之间关系的权衡和技术性处理,笔者以这三个侧面作为评述维度,区分了地方政府研究中的三条路径:即"参照—评估"路径,"视角—呈现"路径,"抽象—推导"路径,并以近年来关于中国地方政府问题的若干研究为例,讨论了这些路径的特征、优缺点及研究应用情况。笔者总结的这三条路径都是理想类型,在具体应用时,研究者可选择的路径是多元的,在地方政府研究中,研究者可以按照研究取向及研究需要选择与之匹配的路径方法。

In the research area of Local Government,previous studies processed the relationship among values caring,theories,and facts.Taking these three aspects as dimensions to study,this article distinguishes three paradigms about local government researches,Reference-Assessment paradigm,Perspective-Appearing paradigm,and Abstract-Derivation paradigm,and taking many researches about local government in China recently as examples,discussing these paradigms' features,advantages,disadvantages,and applications.As these three paradigms are ideal type,so researchers can choose appropriate paradigms on the basis of research approaches and needs,and usually use more than one paradigm in the real researches.