基于调水河流自然和经济特点的南水北调西线工程调水规模分析

Analysis on the West-Route Project's Scale of South-to-North Water Diversion Based on the River's Natural and Economical Features

预测跨流域调水工程的调水规模涉及受水区的用水需求、调出区的可调水量、调水工程的建设规模等多个因素,这些因素也是对调水工程进行可行性论证的重要内容。在黄河流域及西北地区缺水形势严峻的情势下,南水北调西线工程调水规模的确定主要取决于调水河流可调出的水量和调水工程本身的技术、经济条件,其中,针对调水河流特有的自然和经济特点而选择适宜的调水规模应是研究的核心。本文通过对调水河流的水资源特性、社会经济和生态环境特点、用水需求以及调水工程的建设规模等因素进行分析,预测出了南水北调西线第一期工程的调水规模,并将此调水规模与调水河流的水文情势、国民经济用水需求、生态环境用水需求和社会经济特点进行了协调性分析,认为基于调水河流自然和经济特点的南水北调西线第一期工程的调水规模是适宜的。

The forecasting of the scale of water diversion project refers to the water demand of reception ba- sin, quantity of water transferred from water diversion area, and construction scale of water diversion project. All these factors are important parts in the feasibility argumentation of water diversion project. Based on the serious water shortage condition in the Yellow River basin and Northwest China, the scale of the West-Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion mainly depends on the quantity of water transferred from the water diversion area and the technical and economic condition of the transfer project. Among all the pertinent factors, selecting the appropriate scale based on the special natural and economic features of the water diversion area is the key in the research. Based on the analysis of the nature of water resources, social economics and ecological environment features, as well as the construction scale of transfer project, this thesis proposes the first-stage project scale of the West-Route Project. What＇s more, coordination analysis is made between the transfer project scale, hydrological regime, national economic water need, ecological environment water need, and social economic features. Then, the paper comes to the conclusion that the West-Route Project＇s scale of South-to-North Water Diversion is appropriate while taking the river＇s natural and economic features into consideration.