现代性语境下的群体身份问题——对查尔斯·泰勒承认政治的一种考察

Group Identity in the Context of Modernity——An Approach to Charles Taylor's Idea on Politics of Recognition

基于普遍主义原则,自由主义对个体进行了无差别化的处理,剥夺了附着在个体身上的群体身份,忽视了群体认同的意义和价值。在查尔斯·泰勒看来,这种将个体权利优先于集体目标的平等尊严政治在使人们从封建等级制度中解放出来的同时,却又使个体陷入到普遍主义的控制之中。这种不尊重群体差异性的做法,其实质是不认同、不承认差异性,最终会造成歪曲的认同。合理的做法应该是将平等尊严政治与差异政治结合起来,不同群体之间要交流和沟通,进而建构一种包容性的政治。

According to the principle of universalism, liberalism takes the individualism without any discrimination, and the group identity is neglected. So liberalism gives the first priority to the individual right, which Charles Taylor calls politics of universalism or politics of dignity. Charles Taylor realizes the progress of the liberalism, but he thinks its ignoring of the group identity denying the difference and leading to the perverted identity. He thinks what＇s the reasonable is to unite the politics of universalism and the politics of difference.