铬化物生产工人的铬吸收排泄关系及鼻损伤

On the Relationship between Chromium Absorption and Excretion with Rhinal Injuries of Workers Exposed to Chromate Production

本文对30名制造铬化物工人收集了所在工段的空气铬(CrO_3)浓度资料,并检测了代表皮肤接触铬的两手污染量以及尿铬排出量,用二元回归方程计算显示空气与手染铬量和尿中排铬量呈直线回归,F 值有非常显著意义,且中气变量x_2系数明显大于手染铬变量x_1系数数百倍,表明呼吸道对六价铬的吸收远比皮肤要多,但手污染严重时吸收量也相应增多。鼻损伤与手污染量明显相关,如能保持空气中六价铬的最高容许浓度,手染铬量少于2/μg/dl 时可能防止鼻拙伤的发生。

Thirty workers in a chromate producing factory were examined of theirCr^(6+) contamination on their hands and the amount of urinary excretion.Dataof the atmospheric concentration of Cr_2O_3 of their working places were alsorecorded for a period of about 4 months.Result of the study showed a multiplelinear regression relation with both hand contamination and urinaryexcretion,especially the coefficient of x_2 for the atmospheric variant beingsignificantly greater than that of the hand contamination variant x_1.Thismeans that inhaled Cr^(6+) exceeds skin absorption to a greater extent,thoughsome absorption through the skin may also be apparent when their hands wereseriously contaminated,which suggested that rhinal injuries is also related tohand contamination.It is supposed that the atmospheric concentration of Cr^(6+)be maintained at its MAC and the hand contamination be minimized to lessthan 2μg/dl,rhinal injuies may be controlable.