常见细菌对10种抗菌药物耐药性监测

Surveillance of bacterial resistance of clinical isolates to 10 antimicrobial agents

目的 :监测我院 1994～ 1995年临床分离菌耐药性 ;方法 :采用试管双倍稀释法测定 10种抗菌药物最低抑菌浓度 ;结果 :共测细菌 6 89株 ,其中革兰阳性菌 2 5 2株 ,革兰氏阴性菌 437株 ,结果 :表明各种细菌对氟喹诺酮类耐药性明显增加 ,其中大肠杆菌耐药率 >40 % ;头孢噻肟与头孢哌酮仍具较强抗菌活性 ,但耐头孢哌酮绿脓杆菌明显上升达 34% ;阿米卡星对肠杆菌科细菌仍有较强抗菌活性 ,但对庆大霉素耐药率较高 ;各种细菌对氨苄西林耐药率 >70 % ,该药不再适合临床应用 ;痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌对各种药物仍有较高敏感性 ,耐药率 <16 % ;结论 :细菌对氟喹诺酮类耐药性迅速增加 。

Objective:To investigate the antibiotic resistance of bacteria clinically isolated from 1994 to 1995 in our hospital. Methods:Bacterial susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents was examined with double dilution test. Results:689 clinical bacterial strains isolated in our hospital from 1994 to 1995 were collected in the study, which included 252 Gram positive and 437 Gram negative strains. Results:showed that bacterial resistance to fluoroqinolones increased obviously. The resistant rate of Escherichia coli was >40%. Cefotaxime and cefoperazone still kept potent antibacterial activity, but resistant rate of Psuedomonas aeroginosa to cefoperazone increased to 34%. Amikacin remained a powerful agent against enterobacteriaceae, resistant rate to gentamycin was higher. Most strains were resistant to ampicillin with an increased resistant rate of over 70%. Shigella spp and Samonella typhi were still susceptible to each antibiotics, and the resistant rates were lower than 16%. Conclusion:Bacterial resistance to fluoroquinolones increased obviously, while the third generation cephalosporins and amikacin keep higher antibacterial activity.