院前创伤急救进展:新研究带来的机遇与挑战

Advances in prehospital trauma care:the opportunity and challenge from the new studies in prehospital practices

院前创伤急救是整个创伤救治体系的重要组成部分。大多数院前急救医疗服务(EMS)体系源自于军事医学经验和改进,对于创伤患者的确定性急救自现场就应尽快开始。院前创伤急救成功的关键在"创伤急救ABC":即气道、呼吸、循环,核心是建立并保证气道、通气、液体复苏和快速转运至就近的恰当医院。传统的院前处理面临着新的研究成果的挑战,同时新技术、新方法、新工具的应用也使院前创伤急救变得更加容易,创伤患者的救治结局也得以改善。

Prehospital trauma care is an important component of all trauma care systems and developed parallelly over the last decades in many countries. Many prehospital emergency medical service （ EMS ） systems rely on experiences from military medicine and are often modeled from military procedures. The definite care of trauma patients needs to start early in the field. The key components to successful prehospital trauma care are the well-known ABCs of trauma care： Airway, Breathing, Circulation. Establishing and maintaining the airway, ventilation, fluid resuscitation, and the quick transport to the closed and appropriate hospital at the right time represented the pillars of trauma care in the field. The classic managements in prehospital trauma care have been challenged by the new studies. The new techniques, tools and procedures have been developed,which make trauma care easier for the prehospi- tal care provider and improve the outcome of trauma patients.