泛素化介导的非蛋白质降解功能

The Nonproteolytic Functions Mediated by Ubiquitylation

泛素因标记被26 S蛋白酶体降解的蛋白质而著名.然而近几年发现,泛素作用远不止此,不仅具有参与蛋白质降解这一重要"传统作用",还起着比先前想象更多变的、更精美的细胞调控作用,是非常重要的细胞过程的多层面调节因子,具有许多重要的非蛋白质降解功能,包括DNA损伤修复、DNA复制、信号传导、转录调节、膜运输、胞吞、蛋白激酶活化、染色质重塑和病毒芽殖.这些功能涉及多聚泛素化和单泛素化及多泛素化.因此,泛素化异常可能涉及疾病的发生和发展.对这些功能的了解可以拓展人们对泛素的认识,有助于对多种细胞过程的深入理解,也有助于相关新药的研发.

Ubiquitin is best however, roles of ubiquitin known for targeting protein degradation by the 26 S proteasome. In recent years, are found far more than these. Ubiquitin not only has ＂traditional function＂ participating proteins degradation, but also plays a more varied and decisive role in cellular regulation than previously imagined. It is a multilayer regulator of important cellular processes and has a great many nonproteolytic functions including DNA damage repair, DNA replication, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, membrane trafficking, endocytosis, protein kinase activation, chromatin remodeling and virus budding. These functions involve polyubiquitylation, monoubiquitylation and multiubiquitylation. Therefore, abnormities in ubiquitylation involves occurrence and development of diseases. Understanding these functions will provide further insights into the repertoire of ubiquitin, help to understand diverse cellular processes and facilitate our development of related new drugs.