2004-2010年成都市金牛区麻疹监测

Surveillance of Measles in Jinniu District of Chengdu,2004-2010

目的分析2004-2010年金牛区麻疹发病的流行病学特点。方法根据法定传染病报告系统、麻疹监测专报系统及相关的人口资料进行病例分布分析。结果 2004-2010年金牛区实验室诊断病例和临床诊断病例共439例,各年均以散发病例为主,4～6月为发病高峰。流动人口发病比例逐年上升,病例集中于8月～6岁组,占48.06%(211/439),但逐年呈现低龄及大龄病例数增加现象,2008年≤8月龄病例占当年的16.00%,≥14岁的病例占36.00%。439例病例中仅99例有确切免疫史,其中98例为本地人口。发病率由2004年的2.17/10万上升至2007年的12.59/10万,经过2008年强化免疫后,2010年已降至0.21/10万。结论 2004-2010年成都市金牛区麻疹发病率呈先升后降趋势,进行麻疹疫苗强化免疫后,麻疹发病率保持在较低水平,运用麻疹疫苗控制麻疹发病收效显著。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Jinniu district of Chengdu from 2004 to 2009.Methods Data of measles cases from national transmitted disease reporting system,specific measles surveillance reporting system and relative demographic factors were used to analyze the case distribution.Results Totally 439 cases with measles were laboratory and clinical diagnosed from 2004 to 2010.The epidemic of measles was mainly sporadic each year,and the incidence peaked during April to June.The incidence among floating population was increasing every year.Age distribution among cases was mainly in 8 month to 6 years group（48.06%,211/439）,while cases under 8 months and above 14 years accounted for 16% and 36% respectively.At the mean time,polarization of age distribution was revealed year by year.Only 99 in 439 cases had exact immunization history,in which 98 were the local population.The incidence of measles increased from 2.17/105 in 2004 to 12.59/105,and decrease to 0.21/105 after the supplementary immunization in 2008.Conclusion The incidence of measles in Jinniu district of Chengdu from 2004 to 2010 showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and the incidence mainteined at a low level after supplementary immunization.The use of vaccines to control the incidence of measles has notable effect.